Anthropogenic Global Warming ... how hot is it ?

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In May 2025, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels reached a record-breaking 430.5 parts per million (ppm), the highest in human history and likely in over 2 million years, according to measurements from the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii, a global benchmark for atmospheric monitoring since 1958.

This milestone, reported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, reflects a 3.6 ppm increase from May 2024, driven by unprecedented fossil fuel emissions, deforestation, and reduced carbon absorption by natural sinks like forests due to wildfires and land-use changes.

CO2, the primary human-caused greenhouse gas, traps heat, intensifying global warming and fueling extreme weather events like heatwaves, droughts, and floods. It also contributes to ocean acidification, harming marine ecosystems.

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The Glacier That Vanished Overnight

- The #Hektoria #Glacier #collapsed faster than any in history — eight kilometers of #ice #vanished almost #overnight, #warning of a #dangerously #unstable future for #Antarctica.

 

Lebanon's historic pines are dying, one cone at a time​

By Raghed Waked / November 11, 20255:55 AM GMT-5
BKASSINE FOREST, Lebanon, Nov 11 (Reuters) -

In the heart of southern Lebanon, where pine trees once stood tall and abundant, a quiet crisis is unfolding. The cones are barren, the trees are drying and a forest that was a lifeline for entire communities is under siege.
Farmers in Bkassine forest have watched their pine yields dwindle for years. At first, they blamed seasonal weather changes. Then, in 2015, scientists confirmed what many feared: an invasive insect had taken hold, one that feeds on the cones that produce Lebanon's prized pine nuts.
The insect, Leptoglossus occidentalis, is originally from North America and likely arrived in Lebanon via untreated wooden shipping pallets.

Most of Lebanon's pine forests were planted hundreds of years ago. These older trees are still within their productive lifespans, but droughts, erratic rainfall and rising temperatures triggered by climate change have made them more vulnerable to the pests.
"A healthy tree can fight back," Nemer said. "But when it's thirsty and starved, it has no defence."


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